Individuals who smoke cigarettes may increase their risk of developing depression, according to results from a large longitudinal study from New Zealand researchers.
The study also found that those who were dependent on nicotine were more than twice as likely to have depressive symptoms as those who were not dependent.
The message for clinicians, clearly, is to encourage smoking cessation amongst patients subject to recurrent depressive episodes.
Br J Psychiatry. 2010;196:440-446
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